A Study on Mobile Networks and 3d Self-Deployment Algorithm

The sensor deployment problem of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a key issue in the researches and the applications of WSNs. Fewer works focus on the 3D autonomous deployment. Aimed at the problem of sensor deployment in three-dimensional spaces, the 3D self-deployment (3DSD) algorithm in mobile sensor networks is proposed. A 3D virtual force model is utilized in the 3DSD method. A negotiation tactic is introduced to ensure network connectivity, and a density control strategy is used to balance the node distribution. The proposed algorithm can fulfill the nodes autonomous deployment in 3D space with obstacles. Simulation results indicate that the deployment process of 3DSD is relatively rapid and the nodes are well distributed. Furthermore, the coverage ratio of 3DSD approximates the theoretical maximum value INTRODUCTION The proliferation of wireless and mobile devices has fostered the applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) pervaded from military to industry, agriculture, and other scenarios. The node deployment is a key issue in WSNs, since it seriously influences the feasibility and Quality of Service (QoS) for WSNs. Generally, the node deployment methods can be classified into static deployment scheme and dynamic deployment scheme. And the static deployment schemes are mainly applied in WSNs with non-mobility nodes; it concludes determinate deployment methods and random deployment methods. In the random deployment scenario, sensor nodes are scattered via airplane or other aided measures into the Area of Interest (AOI) to which human being cannot get conveniently. Random static deployment methods ensure the supervision performance via sensor node redundancy. While the dynamic deployment methods are mainly used in a mobile WSNs (i.e., the sensor node has mobility), after being scattered in AOI, the sensor nodes accomplish deployment autonomously. The autonomous deployment of mobile WSNs is a process in which the mobile sensor nodes adjust their positions dynamically according to a certain algorithm, until the predefined coverage requirement is achieved. By adopted dynamic deployment method, the coverage performance is improved, while the overhead of hardware is decreased. However, the self-deployment scheme designing in threedimension scenario is difficult; aside from this, the obstacle and area boundary may disturb the deployment process. Aimed at solving these problems aforementioned, we proposed a 3D selfdeployment (3DSD) algorithm to fulfill the nodes autonomous deployment in 3D area with obstacles. Virtual force model is introduced in 3DSD method. The network connectivity and nodes distribution density are also took into account to provide the feasibility of 3DSD. Extensive simulations are conducted, and experiment results indicate that the deployment duration of 3DSD is comparatively short, and the coverage ratio of 3DSD approximates the theoretical maximum value. The main contributions of our work can be summarized as follows: (1) the virtual force model is extended to